ABSTRACT
La pigmentación macular eruptiva idiopática es una enfermedad rara, descrita por Degos en 1978. Se han reportados 57 casos en la literatura. Afecta principalmente a niños entre 6 a 14 años, se caracteriza por manchas hiperpigmentadas color marrón en tronco, cuello y región proximal de extremidades, que aparecen en forma gradual y se resuelve en un periodo de meses o años. Casos clínicos. Masculino de 7 años de edad y femenino de 12 años de edad, con dermatosis diseminada a cabeza, tronco y extremidades que afecta cara, cuello, tronco en todas sus superficies y la parte proximal de las extremidades, constituida por manchas hiperpigmentadas de color gris-marrón de 0.5 1.3 cm, límites bien definidos, no confluentes, no pruriginosas, sin tratamiento previo. En las biopsias de piel se observó pigmentación de la capa basal, con melanófagos en dérmis. Conclusión. Los casos clínicos descritos cumplen los criterios de Sanz de Galdeano y cols: a) erupción macular azul pizarra o marrón no confluyente, b) ausencia de enfermedades cutáneas inflamatorias previas, c) sin medicación previa, d) estudio histológico con hiperpigmentación de la capa basal, melanófagos en dermis e infiltrado liquenoide y e) conteo de mastocitos normales. El diagnóstico diferencial se hace con erupción por drogas, hiperpigmentación postinflamatoria, mastocitosis, liquen plano pigmentado y eritema discrómico perstans. Es importante reconocer la enfermedad por su comportamiento autorresolutivo (AU)
Idiopathic eruptive macular pigmentation is a rare disease, described by Degos in 1978. There have been 57 cases reported in the literature. It mainly affects children between 6 and 14 years old, is characterized by hyperpigmented brown macules on the trunk, neck and proximal part of limbs that appear gradually and disappear during a period of several months to years. Clinical cases: A 7-year-old male and a 12-year-old female with disseminated skin lesions in the head, trunk and limbs, involving face, neck, all surfaces of the trunk and proximal parts of the limbs, consisting of hyperpigmented gray-brown well-defined isolated macules measuring 0.5 - 1.3 cm in diameter, non-pruritic, without any treatment. In the skin biopsies, pigmentation of the basal layer is observed, with melanophages in dermis. Conclusion: These cases fulfill the criteria of Sanz de Galdeano et al: a) black blotchy or non-confluent brown macular rash, b) absence of previous inflammatory skin diseases, c) without previous medication, d) histological study with hyperpigmentation of the basal layer, melanophages in the papillary dermis and lichenoid infiltrate, e) normal mast cell count. The differential diagnosis is with drug eruption, postinflammatory hyperpigmentation, mastocytosis, pigmented lichen planus and erythema dyschromicum perstans. It is important to recognize the disease because of its self- resolving behavior (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Hyperpigmentation , Papilloma , ExanthemaABSTRACT
Both immediate and nonimmediate type hypersensitivity reactions (HRs) with a single dose of quinolone in the same patient have not been previously reported. A 47-year-old female patient referred to us because of the history of a nonimmediate type HR to radio contrast agent and immediate type HR to clarithromycin. She experienced anaphylaxis in minutes after the second dose of 50 mg when she was provocated with moxifloxacin. She was treated immediately with epinephrine, fluid replacement and methylprednisole and pheniramine. On the following day she came with macular eruptions, and she was treated with methylprednisolone. The positive patch test performed with moxifloxacin as well as the lymphocyte transformation test proved the T-cell mediated HR. In order to prove the immediate type HR, basophil activation test was performed but was found negative. This case report presents for the first time the 2 different types of HRs in a patient with a test dose of quinolone.